Finance Blog number 1

Anticipating a strong presence in the new Egyptian parliament, ultraconservative Islamists outlined plans Friday for a strict brand of religious law, a move that could limit personal freedoms and steer a key U.S. ally toward an Islamic state.

Egypt’s election commission announced only a trickle of results from the first round of parliamentary elections and said 62 percent of eligible voters cast ballots in the highest turnout in modern history.

However, leaked counts point to a clear majority for Islamist parties at the expense of liberal activist groups that led the uprising against Hosni Mubarak, toppling a regime long seen as a secular bulwark in the Middle East.

The more pragmatic Muslim Brotherhood is poised to take the largest share of votes, as much as 45 percent. But the Nour Party, which espouses a strict interpretation of Islam in which democracy is subordinate to the Quran, could win a quarter of the house, giving it much power to affect debate.

A spokesman, Yousseri Hamad, said his party considers God’s law the only law.

“In the land of Islam, I can’t let people decide what is permissible or what is prohibited,” Hamad told The Associated Press. “It is God who gives the answers as to what is right and what is wrong.”

The Nour Party is the main political arm of the hard-line Salafist Muslim movement, which espouses a strict form of Islam similar to that practiced in Saudi Arabia. Salafis, who often wear long beards and seek to imitate the life of the Prophet Muhammad, speak openly about their aim of turning Egypt into a state where personal freedoms, including freedom of speech, women’s dress and art, are constrained by Islamic law _ goals that make many Egyptians nervous.

Salafis object to women in leadership roles, citing Muhammad as saying that “no people succeed if led by women.” However, when election regulations forced all parties to include women, Salafi cleric Yasser el-Bourhami relented, saying that “committing small sins” is better than “committing bigger ones” _ by which he meant letting secular people run the government.

In the end, the party put women at the bottom of its lists, represented by flowers since women’s photos were deemed inappropriate.

This week, Salafi cleric and parliamentary candidate Abdel-Monem Shahat caused a stir by saying the novels of Egypt’s Nobel laureate Naguib Mahfouz, read widely in Egyptian schools, are “all prostitution.”

Salafis are newcomers on Egypt’s political scene. They long shunned the concept of democracy, saying it allows man’s law to override God’s. But they formed parties and entered politics after Mubarak’s ouster, seeking to enshrine Islamic law in Egypt’s new constitution.

By contrast, the Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt’s largest and best organized political group, was officially banned under Mubarak but established a nationwide network of activists who built a reputation for offering services to the poor. After Mubarak’s fall, the group’s Freedom and Justice Party campaigned fiercely, their organization and name-recognition giving them a big advantage over newly formed liberal parties.

Stakes are particularly high since the new parliament is supposed to oversee writing Egypt’s new constitution. The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, which took control of the country when Mubarak fell, has tried to impose restrictions on membership in the 100-member drafting committee. The Muslim Brotherhood has said it will challenge the move, and a strong showing by Islamists in the elections could boost its popular mandate to do so.

Hamed, the Nour Party spokesman, said democracy can’t pass laws that contradict religion.

“We endorse Egyptian democracy,” he said. “However, I don’t give absolute freedom to people to legislate to themselves and decide on what is right or wrong.

“We have God’s laws that tell us that.”

He suggested, for example, that alcohol should be banned and that a state agency could penalize Muslims for eating during the day during the holy month of Ramadan, when the devout fast from dawn to dusk.

The Muslim Brotherhood and Salafis have both cooperated and disagreed in the past.

They tried to form an electoral alliance, which broke down over disagreements about including Christians and women in their electoral lists. However, the two parties campaigned together in some areas and declined to contest certain seats so as not to split the Islamist vote and allow liberal candidates to win.

The strong Islamist showing worries liberal parties who fear the two groups will work to push a religious agenda. It has also caused many youth activists who launched the anti-Mubarak uprising to feel that their revolution has been hijacked. Still, the liberal Egyptian Bloc coalition, which is competing with the Salafis to be the second-largest parliamentary bloc, could counterbalance hard-line elements.

Cooperation between the Brotherhood and Salafis in parliament isn’t guaranteed, said Shadi Hamid, Middle East expert with the Brookings Doha Center. The Brotherhood is a pragmatic organization that will work with other parties to achieve its goals, while the Salafis shun compromise.

Once the parliament is seated, Hamid expects the Brotherhood to focus on establishing a strong parliamentary system, reforming state institutions and boosting the economy _ goals they share with liberal groups.

“Banning alcohol or passing laws on women’s dress are not on their priority list, and they see these issues as a distraction from the issues at hand,” he said.

Still, a strong Salafist bloc in parliament will have a “massive effect,” he said, by giving the group a larger platform for its views.

“The Salafis are going to insert religion into the public debate in a way that would not have happened otherwise,” he said.

Many in Egypt’s Coptic Christian population, which makes up 10 percent of the country, fear the Salafis will push for laws that will make them second-class citizens.

Even some religious Egyptians see the Salafi as too extreme.

“I am religious and don’t want laws that go against my beliefs, but there shouldn’t be religious law,” said Ahmed Abdel-Rahman, a geography teacher. “I don’t want anyone imposing his religious views on me.”

The election commission said Friday that more than 8 million eligible voters _ 62 percent _ participated in the first round. But it announced final results in only a few races. It remains unclear when complete final results will be released.

This week’s vote, held in nine provinces, will determine about 30 percent of the 498 seats in the People’s Assembly, parliament’s lower house. Two more rounds, ending in January, will cover Egypt’s other 18 provinces.

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A pair of triple button Ugg boots for just $209 at a U.S. online retailer looks like a better deal than the $285 price tag on Ugg

The Robin Hoods in this northern Greek town sport rubber gloves, fuses and orange stickers.

Nearly two years of pay cuts, job cuts and tax hikes have pummeled living standards in debt-crippled Greece and the country is facing record unemployment and a fourth year of recession in 2012. On a personal level, that means many in Veria can’t pay for basic necessities such as electricity and end up getting cut off from the grid.

That’s where the “Citizens of Veria” activists step in.

The group illegally reconnects needy households back to the electric grid in a direct challenge to the country’s dominant power provider, the Public Power Corporation.

“By cutting off power, (PPC) punishes young children, elderly people and generally those who can’t cope without it,” said activist Nikos Aslanoglou. “We decided that we had to reconnect them. We’re not hiding, everybody knows who we are.”

He says the group has so far reconnected dozens of households, particularly in the villages and small towns outlying Veria.

Greece sank into a financial crisis in 2009 after it emerged that authorities had been falsifying financial data for years. The fallout from that blocked the country’s access to bond markets. Greece only escaped bankruptcy with a euro110 billion ($147 billion) international rescue loan in May 2010, and when that was not enough, a second, euro130 billion ($174 billion) rescue deal that awaits final approval.

In return, the government has promised to slash bloated budget deficits through harsh austerity measures.

As jobs become rarer and worse-paid, many in this northern farming region are falling through a weakening social safety net. In the village of Agia Marina, 9 miles (15 kilometers) from Veria, activists recently reconnected the house of a disabled, 34-year-old single mother, who lives with four of her five children.

As they left, they placed an orange sticker on the electricity meter that reads: “Citizens of Veria. Social solidarity. We are reconnecting the power.”

The woman’s eldest daughter, a 19-year-old student, said before the activists came her siblings _ aged from 6 to 18 _ had to study by candlelight or with oil lamps in an unheated house.

“Our only income is a euro400-euro500 ($535-$668) welfare payment every two months,” said the student, Vasso. “PPC disconnected us because we owed them money, and we were left in the dark for about a month, but then some gentlemen came and reconnected us. Now we have heating again.”

She didn’t want her full name used because she was afraid authorities would track down her family.

What the activists are doing is illegal and can be punished by more than ten years’ imprisonment depending on the size of the outstanding bills, although in most cases sentences do not exceed five years no fax payday loan.

“Greek law treats the theft of electricity like any other common theft,” University of Thessaloniki law professor Lambros Margaritis said.

Undeterred, a three-strong activist team recently reconnected a house in the small town of Meliki, where a 54-year-old woman lives with her two unemployed sons in their thirties. Working deftly, it took them 15 minutes.

“We’re not stealing, the electricity consumption is recorded,” Aslanoglou said. “The poor houseowners can’t face consequences, it’s us who do the reconnecting.”

Hence the stickers.

Veria activists claim their campaign is catching on in other parts of the country _ particularly since the introduction in September of a deeply resented new property tax levied through power bills. People who can’t pay the new tax face losing their power supply.

That prospect has enraged even PPC employees, who staged a sit-in at a company office in Athens to disrupt the collection of the new emergency tax.

While the Veria municipal authority says have-nots should not be disconnected over the new tax, Mayor Haroula Ousountzoglou says the activists are going too far.

“What the group is doing may be very romantic, it is, however, dangerous,” Ousountzoglou told the AP. “PPC just goes and cuts off the electricity again, and imposes additional charges.”

In cases of repeated illegal reconnection, homeowners can also face prosecution _ or have their link severed at the nearest electricity pole, a drastic move that activists are powerless to counter.

PPC public relations officer Kimon Stergiotis warned that the company is determined to protect its interests.

“To illegally reconnect cut power links poses severe threats to the life and property of unsuspecting citizens,” he said. “In any case, PPC will use the law to its utmost severity.”

Ousountzoglou said her town has about 330 families on a welfare program that sometimes includes assistance in paying power bills.

“But our funds are constantly dwindling, and I keep making the rounds of local firms to ask for contributions,” she added.

The Veria mayor has threatened to sue PPC if people who really can’t pay the property tax are left without power.

“We told them we’re not joking,” she said. “PPC can’t behave like that to needy people.”

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Italy had to pay sharply higher borrowing rates to entice investors to part with their cash during a couple of auctions Friday, in an acute sign that Europe’s crippling debt crisis is laying siege to the eurozone’s third-largest economy.

The auction results are another sign that the country’s new technocratic government, faces a big battle to convince that it has a strategy to get a grip on the country’s massive debts.

The country had to pay an average yield of 7.814 percent to raise euro2 billion in two-year bills. That rate was sharply higher on the 4.628 percent it had to pay in the previous auction and represented a new high since the creation of the euro in 1999.

And even raising euro8 billion for six months proved exorbitantly expensive. The yield for this auction spiked to 6.504 percent, nearly double the 3.535 percent rate in the last equivalent auction no faxing payday loans.

Following the grim news on the auction front, the country’s borrowing rates in the markets sky-rocketed, with the ten-year yield spiking 0.34 percentage point to 7.30 percent _ above the 7 percent threshold that is widely-considered unsustainable in the long-run and eventually proved the point at which Greece, Ireland and Portugal had to seek financial bailouts.

The renewed rise is likely to renew tensions over Italy’s debts, which stand at euro1.9 trillion ($2.6 trillion), or a huge 120 percent of economic output. Europe’s current anti-crisis measures are too not big enough to deal with Italy’s debt mountain.

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The Treasury Department has raised $12.2 million from the sale of warrants of 17 banks that received government support during the financial crisis. The sales are part of the government’s efforts to recoup the costs of the $700 billion financial bailout.

The Treasury said Friday that the largest amount raised in gross proceeds was $2.79 million from the sale of warrants of Eagle Bancorp Inc. of Bethesda, Maryland, followed by $1.75 million from warrants of Horizon Bancorp of Michigan City, Ind.

The warrants give buyers the right to buy common stock at a fixed price. Treasury is using direct sales of the warrants to institutional investors because the holdings were judged too small to justify the cost of holding public auctions.

The 17 banks received approximately $1 billion in support from the Troubled Asset Relief Program in 2008 and 2009. All 17 have repaid the money and the warrants represent their last link to the TARP program.

Banks, other financial firms and U.S. carmakers received $413.4 billion from the taxpayer-funded bailout. So far, the government has recovered $317.6 billion. Of that amount, $9.1 billion has come through the sale of warrants.

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Students clashed with police across Italy in protests against budget cuts, while transport strikes idled buses and trains Thursday, as Italian Premier Mario Monti prepared to unveil his anti-crisis strategy ahead of a confidence vote in his day-old government.

Police in riot gear scuffled with students in Milan, where they planned to march to Bocconi University, which forms Italy’s business elite. Monti, an economist and former European Union competition comissioner, is Bocconi’s president.

Monti formed his government Wednesday, shunning politicians and turning to fellow professors, bankers and other business figures to fill key cabinet posts. His administration is tasked with restoring confidence in the country’s financial future and avoiding a worsening in the eurozone’s debt crisis.

But his choice of unelected experts to lead the government and the prospect of tough reforms have fueled unrest among some Italians.

“The government of the banks,” read one placard held by a youth marching in the protest in Milan.

In Palermo, Sicily, demonstrators hurled eggs and smoke bombs at a bank, and protesters threw rocks at police who battled back with pepper sprays, the Italian news agency ANSA said. One protester was injured in the head in Palermo, where police charged demonstrators who were trying to occupy another bank, it said.

In Rome, hundreds of students gathered outside Sapienza University, while others assembled near the main train station. They planned to march to the Senate, where Monti was scheduled to speak ahead of an evening confidence vote on the new government.

Monti’s cabinet took the place of the center-right government led for 3 1/2 years by media mogul Silvio Berlusconi, stepped down last week, the victim of markets punishing Italy for its escalating public debt and stubbornly stagnant economy.

As Berlusconi’s squabbling coalition argued for months over how to attack the crisis, Italian unions and industrialists pressed for measures to encourage job creation and revive the economy.

Parliament gave final approval Saturday to a package that will reform pensions, slash state spending and open up the economy guaranteed cash advance. Hours later, Berlusconi resigned, paving the way for Italy’s president to ask Monti, a former European Union competition commissioner, to form a government that could tackle the crisis.

But many Italians are expecting to swallow harsher medicine, including a possible return of home property taxes which Berlusconi abolished, a special tax on wealth, and a faster increase in the retirement age.

Antonio Romano, who was distributing leaflets to protesters, said the government’s strategy was to “make the workers and retired people pay for the crisis, not those who provoked the crisis, I mean big business, bankers.”

“Income for all, debt for none,” read the spray-painted letters on a white sheet affixed to a fence in Palermo. University and high school students, as well as young people unable to find full-time jobs joined the protest.

In Rome, marcher Titti Mazzacane said she was skeptical about the new government. While Monti chose “decent and competent people,” the government … “is a little bit too free-market liberal. I am a bit scared,” said the 53-year-old elementary school teacher.

A transit strike of several hours idled the subway system and many buses in Rome. A similar walkout in Milan to press for better work contracts was also called.

State railways said a 24-hour nationwide train strike, which was called by one small union affected only 5 percent of the train rains. Train workers have been pushing for better work rules.

Alitalia warned that a four-hour strike, from noon to 4 p.m. (1100 GMT-1500 GMT) in the air travel sector could cause flight delays, and said it was reducing the number of flights as a precaution during the four-hour window. It noted that the walkout mainly involved air traffic controllers and airport workers and not Alitalia personnel.

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Synergetics USA Inc. expects to report growth in sales and net income for the first quarter of fiscal 2012, company officials told the Securities and Exchange Commission in a filing today.

The O’Fallon, Mo.-based maker of equipment for eye and brain surgeries, expects revenue of $13.3 million to $13.6 million in the first fiscal quarter, which ended Oct. 31. That represents a 10 percent to 13 percent increase in revenue compared to a year ago. 

Based on increased sales, the company expects to report earnings from continuing operations of 4 cents to 5 cents a share for the first fiscal quarter, and to report a 1 cent to 2 cent per share loss from discontinued operations.

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Italian easily raised euro3 billion ($4.1 billion) from markets, though at a higher cost, as premier-designate Mario Monti began talks on forming a new government of experts to guide the country through financial crisis.

While the treasury raised the maximum sought, market sentiment remained cautious. Investors demanded an interest rate of 6.29 percent on Monday, the highest level since 1997, compared with 5.32 percent at a similar auction a month ago.

Italian president Giorgio Napolitano tapped Monti to create a government of technocrats to bring down stubbornly high public debt.

Napolitano emphasized that euro200 billion ($273 billion) in Italian debt comes due through the end of April _ requiring decisive action.

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Pressure mounted on Greece’s two main political parties on Wednesday to wrap up three days of critical power-sharing talks and name a new prime minister to take over at the helm of an interim government.

Over the past couple of days, attention has focused more on Rome than on Athens amid increasing concerns that Italy’s economy was heading the same way as Greece’s. The fear that Italy is running out of time to get a handle on its debts hit markets in Europe hard Wednesday even though Italy’s Premier Silvio Berlusconi pledged to stand down, echoing a similar decision from Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou.

Greek officials defended the time it was taking for the new unity government to be established. Greece’s big two political parties, the Socialist PASOK party and the conservative New Democracy, are renowned for their opposition to each other and have rarely worked together since the rejection of the monarchy in 1974.

Papandreou was due to hold with Greece’s president at 5:00 p.m. (1500 GMT), a possible indication that a conclusion may have been reached.

Papandreou’s office said the premier spoke by telephone with French President Nicolas Sarkozy Wednesday morning and discussed “the developments in Europe and the eurozone,” as well as the power-sharing negotiations in Athens.

Sarkozy’s office said Papandreou informed the French president “of the imminent (formation) of a new government in Greece supported by the majority and the opposition.”

Former European Central Bank vice president Lucas Papademos had been tipped to become the interim prime minister, but it was unclear whether he remained the favored candidate by Wednesday.

By early afternoon, the conservative opposition was issuing angry statements demanding a swift conclusion to the talks, and blaming the embarassing delay on the current government.

“The solution is in the hands of Mr. Papandreou,” said a statement from the New Democracy party. “No further delay is conceivable. We must finally finish this.”

Earlier, deputy government spokesman Angelos Tolkas had said the new government would be announced later in the day, but gave no indication who the new prime minister would be. Similar comments had been made on Tuesday, too.

“This process is new to the country,” Tolkas told television channel Skai in the morning cash advance companies. “So I think three days was a reasonable time for the consultations to be made and for each side to make the necessary concession.”

On Tuesday, Papandreou’s ministers offered their resignations as part of the process of creating the new government, which is only expected to last until February when early elections are to be held.

The new government will be tasked to secure the country’s new euro130 billion ($179 billion) European rescue package and then get it through parliament. That approval will allow the release of a euro8 billion ($11 billion) loan installment from its existing bailout. Without the funds, Greece will go bankrupt before Christmas, potentially wrecking Europe’s banking system and sending the global economy back into recession.

The political crisis erupted last week, when Papandreou said he would put the new European rescue package to a referendum. Other eurozone nations were horrified by the delay, markets around the world tanked and Greece’s international creditors froze the payment of the next bailout installment.

On Monday, eurozone finance ministers said the heads of the two main parties had to commit in writing to the terms of the country’s bailouts before Athens can receive the next loan installment.

Government officials in Greece say the written agreement requires the signatures of Papandreou, New Democracy leader Antonis Samaras, the Bank of Greece governor, the new coalition prime minister and the new finance minister _ a demand that has prompted an angry response from Greece’s conservatives.

Greece has survived since May 2010 on a euro110 billion ($150 billion) bailout package from its eurozone partners and the International Monetary Fund. The second rescue package involves private bondholders voluntarily agreeing to cancel 50 percent of their Greek debt.

In return for the rescue funds, Greece has endured 20 months of punishing austerity measures. The efforts by Papandreou’s government to keep the country solvent have prompted violent protests, crippling strikes and a sharp decline in living standards for most Greeks.

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A late rally pushed the Dow Jones industrial average back above 12,000 Monday as investors responded to the latest twists in Europe’s efforts to control its debt crisis.

U.S. indexes were down for much of the day on worries that Italy could become the next country to run into trouble. Stocks turned higher after 2 p.m. Eastern on news that Greece would receive the latest installment of emergency aid as long as the country’s two main parties commit to implementing economic reforms agreed to by the country’s previous government.

Investors again reacted to whatever was the latest headline out of Europe. The region’s problems have been offsetting optimism about strong corporate earnings in the U.S. and signs of improvement in the economy.

“Every day it seems like it’s the butting of heads between whatever the latest rumor is out of Europe with good economic data and corporate earnings,” said Karyn Cavanaugh, a market strategist with ING Investment Management. “It’s overshadowing the fact that earnings are on track to be the best year ever.”

The Dow rose 85.15 points, or 0.7 percent, to close at 12,068.39. The Dow closed near its highest point of the day and had been down as many as 102 points shortly after midday. Hewlett-Packard Co. rose 3.4 percent, the most of the 30 stocks in the Dow.

The Standard & Poor’s 500 index rose 7.89, or 0.6 percent, to 1,261.12. Last week the S&P had its first down week since September. The Nasdaq rose 9.10, or 0.3 percent, to 2,695.25.

Worries that Italy could become the next victim of Europe’s debt crisis kept investors uneasy.

Italy’s borrowing rates spiked Monday to the highest level since the country adopted the euro. Unlike Greece, Portugal or Ireland _ all of which received financial lifelines _ Italy has too much debt to be rescued by its European neighbors. Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi has rejected suggestions that he resign to make way for more cost-cutting.

In Greece, the two main political parties agreed over the weekend to share power in a new government after George Papandreou said he would step aside as prime minister. European finance officials agreed to release the next slice of bailout money to Greece as long as leaders of the parties agree in writing to carry out austerity measures required by international lenders.

The payment has been delayed by two months and is needed to avoid a potentially disastrous default on the country’s debt, which would roil financial markets and cause losses for European banks.

The worries over Europe’s debt problems lifted the prices of assets seen as safe havens. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note fell to 2.01 percent from 2.04 percent late Friday. Bond yields fall when their prices rise, reflecting an increase in demand. Gold rose 2 percent.

In corporate news:

_ Amgen Inc. rose 5.9 percent to $58.43, the most in the S&P 500 index, after the biotech drugmaker said it would buy back up to $5 billion of its stock.

_ Dish Network Corp. rose 5 percent to $24.66 after the satellite TV provider announced a special $2 per share dividend and a 30 percent increase in net income.

_ Home Depot Inc. rose 2.6 percent to $37.34 after getting upgraded by analysts.

Rising stocks slightly outnumbered falling ones on the New York Stock Exchange. Volume was lighter than average at 3.4 billion shares.

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